Photons

Discussion concerning the first major re-evaluation of Dewey B. Larson's Reciprocal System of theory, updated to include counterspace (Etheric spaces), projective geometry, and the non-local aspects of time/space.
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bperet
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Photons

Post by bperet »

Given the nature of rotational space (counterspace), the first manifestation with RS2 is therefore the positron, not the photon as Larson had predicted. So where does that put the RS2 photon, and how does it differ from Larson's original conception?

When a second rotational motion occurs within the time region, the rotations will interact in conformance with complex Euler relations regarding rotation. The result is not rotation, but a cosine wave -- a "simple harmonic motion."

Here we must distinguish between primary and secondary motions. In rotational space, "rotation" is primary, "linear" is secondary and can ONLY occur as a result of a combination of primary motions. Therefore, Larson's "simple harmonic motion" photon NEVER occurs as a consequence of primary motion in RS2 -- only secondary motion. And it is a consequence of TWO rotations, which Nehru refers to as a "bi-rotation". (See Nehru's articles on bi-rotation for the consequences of this rotational model, including linear and circular polarization, the Zeeman effect and others).

The photon bi-rotation, like interlocked gears, move in opposite directions and are expressed as complex Euler relations, where Ta is the first rotation, and Tb is the second rotation (T = "Turn", the counterspace name for a rotation):

Ta = e–i(kx) = cos kx – i sin kx

Tb = e–i(–kx) = cos kx + i sin kx

The shift (separation) between them the becomes:

y(x) = e–ikx + eikx = 2 cos kx

Which shows that the shift between the two turns is expressed as a "cosine" wave -- the "linear vibration" of Larson.

Now to the frequency.

First, the two turns (rotations) represent the temporal speeds of the photon. To determine the wavelength, one must simply compute the shift between the two turns. This is done just like a regular angle; subtract the smaller angle from the larger one, and you get the angle between.

Second, "speed" in the time region is different than the time-space region. We normally recognize "s/t" as speed, but, as Larson describes in "Nothing But Motion", p. 155, when inside the unit boundary the "space" aspect is fixed at one unit. But the equivalent space can be computed by s = 1/t. Therefore, a speed of "s/t" in the time-space region becomes a speed of "(1/t)/t = 1/t2" in the time region. Note that in the time region, speed is is 2-dimensional according to Larson and therefore fits the concept of being polar/rotational rather than translational.

To compute our shift, all we have to do is take the difference between the two turn "time region speeds":

dT = 1/Ta2 - 1/Tb2 {Where Ta and Tb are the speeds of the turns.}

Next, we need to translate that shift out of the time region across the unit boundary, so we can determine the equivalent space in order to observe and measure it. That is simply done by (s = 1/t) and taking the reciprocal, 1/dT.

In legacy science, wavelength is 2 units of space, so the final step is to multiply 1/dT by 2, giving 2/dT. Therefore:

wavelength = 2 / dT {in natural units}

wavelength = 2 / (1/Ta2 - 1/Tb2) {in natural units}

Just multiply by unit space to get conventional units.

One may notice the similarity between this wavelength calculation and the formula for computing atomic spectra:

1/wavelength = R (1/m2 - 1/n2) {legacy science}

Where "R" is the Rydberg constant, and "m" and "n" are integers.

Let us convert our wavelength equation to match the inverse wavelength of the atomic spectra formula:

1/wavelength = 0.5 (1/Ta2 - 1/Tb2) {RS2}

Which identifies the Rydberg constant, in natural units, to be 0.5. If you notice in the Euler shift computation above, it is "2 cos kx" -- not just "cos kx", we can see the origin of the Rydberg constant -- the "2" in the formula. (1/2 = 0.5, the Rydberg constant in natural units).

If we set Ta to unit speed, 1, and vary the speed of Tb, we get the equation for the Lyman series of atomic spectra. 2 gives the Balmer series, 3 the Paschen series and 4 the Brackett series.

With this new model of the photon, we can accurately describe, both conceptually and mathematically, wavelength, polarization and atomic spectra, along with all the associated effects due to the bi-rotating turns.
Every dogma has its day...
Gopi
Posts: 153
Joined: Wed Jan 05, 2005 1:58 am

Evanescent waves...

Post by Gopi »

Hello everyone,

There is something about evanescent waves which makes me suspect that legacy science doesn't know the behind-the-scenes thing...These waves are usually found under conditions of total internal reflection,outside the interface of say glass and air i.e. on the side of the air.The energy of these waves decreases exponentially along the surface.

When one takes note of the fact that all the incident energy of the wave has to be reflected back,as their characteristics are similar except for the change in direction,there is no obvious source to credit the appearance of extra energy for these waves.The explanation that legacy science gives for this is that the source of the wave,when switched on,gives a mixture of frequencies,before settling down to the ideal single frequency.The energy released during that time is supposed to stagnate as the evanescent wave energy,but of course,the main reason is that the mathematics says its there,and hence its there.

But since,in the maths of it,the imaginary number i is crucial,that must mean that motion in time is in some way clearly the reason for this occurrence,but i am not sure how.How does it give rise to extra energy :?:

Cheers,

Gopi
Gopi
Posts: 153
Joined: Wed Jan 05, 2005 1:58 am

NEGATIVE INDEX OF REFRACTION

Post by Gopi »

Some updates on the negative index of refraction possibilities...

Firstly,there is a need for the simultaneous behaviour of a material as a strong diamagnetic AND its electric analog.Since the scientists haven't got a pure material with both the behaviours,they use the materials with either of the two properties,couple them,and then obtain the negative refraction in the region of overlap of the response of the two.

Which means,the concept of any substance opposing the field,or aligning opposite to it,is the source of this behaviour.Two things point out that mainly the time region phenomenon is involved here:

1.The professor in the University[Lakhtakia,a leader in this field] who gave a talk mentioned that "Negative Index is purely a "frequency space" creature,and not a "time space" creature".Since frequency space is nothing but equivalent space [freq=1/t i.e. equiv space] this is reminiscent of the treatment of the wave packets.

2.There exist some materials called Bioanisotropic materials,which are partially having negative refractive index behaviour. The key point is,they are seen to behave as a totally isotropic material after a Lorentz transformation...the same transformation which is used in conventional Sp. Relativity.And the Lorentz transform pops up only when there is substantial motion in time....

Still musing...

Cheers,

Gopi

PS:Can have a look at this paper for more details on the math:

http://ceta-p5.mit.edu/metamaterials/pa ... wski.H.pdf
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